The Shop

The Shop
My name is Jake Rendell. This blog is a description of the various skills and information that I have learned and will learn while studying at Minnesota State Southeast Technical, in the Band Instrument Repair Program. Before coming to study in the BIR Program, I graduated cum laude from Laurentian University with a B.A. Music - Vocal in 2010, and First Class Standing with a B.Ed. I/S Music from Lakehead University in 2011. This final certification from MSC-ST will finish in May of 2012. I will try to update this blog on a weekly basis.

Week 30 - April 9th - 13th

We got hold of our project saxophones this week. I began working on a Bundy II. The horn wasn't in terrible condition, most of the keys moved and there were only a few dents. However, the Bundy II is notorious for having posts misaligned straight from the factory, so it is going to be a lot of work.


I began by inspecting the horn for damage and fixing any key issues that I could before actually tearing the horn down. During this, I documented things like cork thickness, materials and pad protrusion. After that, it was stripped of all its corks and pads and into the chem flush. While the keys horn was soaking in detergent, I began straightening and polishing all of the hinge rods, a very tricky task with hinge rods this long. If you do not hold them right, the centrifugal force of 1725 rpm will slap you right in the face.


After the horn was clean, I began body work. The first thing was to straighten the body. Luckily, my body was not out of alignment. Using barrel and spherical dent balls, I went after dents in the bow and body. Now that it is dent free, we begin the daunting task of Bundy II post alignment.


 Post alignment involves a few different things. The posts themselves have to be aligned on all three axes. In addition, the holes themselves point in a specific direction from when they were cut, and this direction is often wrong on Bundy II's. I began with the lower stack and found that one post was so twisted that I had to unsolder it from the body. Once the other posts were lined up, I used the E key and the hinge rod to line the post up and soldered it back. Overall, I found that more than half of the keys had misaligned posts that had to be corrected, and a couple of them had to be adjusted to work with twisted posts. 


 Continuing with body work, one of the flanges holding on the B-Bb key guard had a broken solder joint. Fixing this was relatively easy. Once the joint was cleaned up I reattached the key guard and used it as the fixture to hold the flange in the proper position. I soldered it in place and cleaned up the joint.


 Now with the posts aligned and the body work totally finished, I began key fitting. Surprisingly, there wasn't a lot of play in the keys on this sax, so key fitting went relatively easy. The post that I soldered back on in the lower joint caused a slight binding issue because I butted it up to the E key a little too close when reattaching. A couple of keys needed to be adjusted because of the post alignments, but overall it wasn't too bad.


The next step is going to be the leveling of the tone holes. To do this, we will use a drill and a fine leveling disk to actually sand the high spots in the tone hole down, and a dent rod to push the low spots up. I've run out of time this week, so to prepare I used a Sharpie to color the tops of the tone holes black so that I can see the point of level when sanding. To finish off the week, I epoxied the thumb button back on the body and will let it set up for the weekend.



 The NAPBIRT conference is this weekend in Normal Illinois and though most of us cannot make it, we did send an entry for their Pine Car Derby. My job on this car was to design and construct the front end of the car. So, using a lyre as the front end, I soldered a couple of sax posts to a piece of square stock and attached it to the car. The wheels were drilled out and attached to a piece of cut drill rod that was screwed into an adjustment nut. Overall, it worked pretty well. After that, the other classmates finished construction and we all decorated it, as terribly as possible.


Week 29 - April 2nd - 6th

This week in the lab, we returned to our clarinet tenon remake. So to finish it off, we turned the tenon down to size and turned a groove in it to accept the tenon using our uber bits. The tenon was corked and it looks good.


 We continued looking at the mechanics involved in the saxophone by disassembling the octave mechanism. It may only have a few parts to it but it is quite the complex little lever, controlling two different keys and filled with lost motion.


We spent Friday revisiting our clarinets and flutes from last semester. We had one day to do a play-condition repair on both of them. They didn't need much work, some of the pads had lost their seat and one of the keys I had flexed at the end of the day had moved back. I ran through each of them and gave them a few tweaks.


Next week we get our project saxophones. Stay tuned.

Week 28 - March 26th - 30th

In the woodwind shop this week, we took a very hard look at the saxophone and made a few tools to help us along the way. First up, we made pearl protectors. Like clarinet, saxophone pads are floated in using glue. To melt that glue we use fire, and we use this pearl protector to save the pearl from that fire. We shaped a brass rod to fit the back of a modified flute pad cup, silver soldered it on and buffed it clean.


 Next up on the tools list, we made pad protectors for times when we flex the pad cup during padding. This week, we started re-padding saxophones and setting up their regulations. The sax is a complex instrument that takes all of the troubles of flute, clarinet and brass and mashes them together into a mix of mechanical mayhem. It is very cool. A good portion of our week was spent on learning how the regulations were set up, and how to adjust them.


Back to tool making, we ended up honing the other end of our toolbit this week. This shape is what our instructors are calling the "uber" end, and is designed to help us cut clarinet tenons. So, after honing our bits, we began a lathe project. We faced and drilled out a piece of  1 1/4" ABS plastic so that over the next couple of weeks, we can cut tenons into it as if it were a clarinet. After that is done, we are going to mess one of them up and do a tenon replacement.




Week 27 - March 19th - 23rd

This week in the woodwind lab, we continued with play condition repairs on flute with a large focus on padding. Getting back into partial shimming is not the easiest thing in the world. So on this particular flute, I checked each pad for issues and reshimmed a few to pretty much finish it up.


One issue that I did attack was some serious lateral play in the Bb thumb assembly. With the amount that I had, usually on a PC we would swedge the rod. Unfortunately, this was having little effect and the play was messing with my padding. So I replaced the existing hinge rod with an oversized one. This involved making a hinge rod from scratch, refitting the keys, lapping the hinge tube to the new rod, and realigning the post that happened to be out of whack. It turned into more work than it was worth, but a good experience none the less.


 We started getting into saxophone this week, mostly looking at how they are put together and what controls things like venting and regulation. Sax is a cool instrument and the mechanics fascinate me. We spend a good portion of the week tearing them down and putting them back together. Unlike flute or clarinet, there is no standard for how a sax is mechanically constructed, as long as the fingering works, so it was quite the puzzle.



Finally this week, we looked at honing lathe bits. We do a lot of small machining in the shop for both brass an woodwind parts. Grinding and honing our own bits is a good skill to have, especially when you look at running your own shop. Next week, we will look at grinding different shapes and working bits from scratch.